TableĀ 1 Standardized data on the damage for the Ming Great Wall in northern Shaanxi

From: A vulnerability evaluation method of earthen sites based on entropy weight-TOPSIS and K-means clustering

Site number

Undercutting X1

Gully X2

Crack X3

Scaling off X4

Biological damage X5

Human-induced damage X6

1

0.680

0.181

0.334

0.046

0.139

0.000

2

0.000

0.069

0.845

0.000

0.159

0.130

3

0.068

0.125

0.631

0.140

0.479

1.000

4

0.064

0.104

0.542

0.545

0.143

0.000

5

0.295

1.000

1.000

0.688

0.157

0.071

6

0.125

0.135

0.926

0.111

0.139

0.082

7

0.343

0.086

0.454

0.206

0.049

0.105

8

0.076

0.121

0.600

0.252

0.089

0.000

9

0.170

0.152

0.743

0.195

0.197

0.558

10

0.088

0.230

0.240

0.255

0.181

0.361

11

1.000

0.168

0.982

0.434

0.092

0.000

12

0.000

0.192

0.893

0.519

0.141

0.000

13

0.249

0.052

0.634

0.552

0.251

0.031

14

0.575

0.400

0.447

0.139

0.200

0.149

15

0.445

0.428

0.388

0.386

0.148

0.000

16

0.328

0.166

0.580

0.863

0.230

0.000

17

0.101

0.000

0.654

0.449

0.166

0.860

18

0.303

0.941

0.944

0.787

0.129

0.000

19

0.126

0.362

0.990

0.331

0.262

0.000

20

0.132

0.000

0.622

0.110

0.075

0.000

21

0.365

0.099

0.761

0.140

0.136

0.150

22

0.183

0.162

0.312

0.359

0.178

0.000

23

0.375

0.205

0.436

1.000

0.091

0.000

24

0.335

0.319

0.724

0.826

0.092

0.198

25

0.156

0.038

0.810

0.850

1.000

0.051

26

0.114

0.043

0.763

0.432

0.000

0.000

27

0.185

0.312

0.449

0.510

0.190

0.000

28

0.098

0.000

0.000

0.559

0.037

0.000

29

0.132

0.064

0.316

0.497

0.084

0.000

  1. Having obtained the standardized data, the entropy value of each indicator can be calculated according to formula (3) and (4). Then calculate the entropy weight of each indicator according to Eq.Ā (5). The results are shown in TableĀ 2, sorted in numerical order: human-induced damage X6 > gullies X2 > undercutting X1 > biological damage X5 > scaling off X4 > cracks X3