Fig. 1: Proposed research model.

A conceptual model was developed using the SOR framework, incorporating variables from the McLean IS Success Model, Critical Mass Theory, and Expectancy Confirmation Theory. Information quality and system quality (game factors), along with critical mass and social interaction (social factors), are anticipated to influence users' utilitarian and hedonic performance confirmations. These confirmations, in turn, impact users' continuous intention to adopt digital intangible cultural heritage (ICH) games. Two intrinsic factors (cultural identity and value co-creation) are proposed to mediate the relationship between user perceptions and their willingness to continue usage.