Table 3 Quantitative evaluation results of virtual restoration of regions 1–2
Region | RMSE | MAPE | MAE | RMSE | MAPE | MAE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region 1 | White material on the hand | Brown background | ||||
Original | 0.040 | 7.109 | 0.031 | 0.032 | 6.502 | 0.026 |
Inverse PCA | 0.031 | 5.462 | 0.024 | 0.039 | 9.503 | 0.035 |
Inverse MNF | 0.030 | 5.555 | 0.024 | 0.026 | 5.583 | 0.022 |
3D CNN | 0.037 | 6.012 | 0.027 | 0.040 | 7.755 | 0.031 |
U-Net | 0.032 | 5.665 | 0.024 | 0.038 | 9.186 | 0.033 |
Proposed | 0.027 | 4.475 | 0.020 | 0.022 | 4.043 | 0.017 |
Dark gray clothing background | Light gray clothing background | |||||
Original | 0.032 | 8.098 | 0.027 | 0.077 | 14.456 | 0.063 |
Inverse PCA | 0.027 | 6.240 | 0.024 | 0.064 | 12.652 | 0.055 |
Inverse MNF | 0.036 | 9.183 | 0.034 | 0.058 | 11.480 | 0.048 |
3D CNN | 0.027 | 6.703 | 0.023 | 0.056 | 9.660 | 0.043 |
U-Net | 0.031 | 6.795 | 0.026 | 0.065 | 13.094 | 0.057 |
Proposed | 0.022 | 5.190 | 0.018 | 0.049 | 7.373 | 0.033 |
Region 2 | Brown paper background | |||||
Original | 0.051 | 11.360 | 0.043 | |||
Inverse PCA | 0.051 | 11.389 | 0.043 | |||
Inverse MNF | 0.031 | 6.261 | 0.025 | |||
3D CNN | 0.028 | 5.309 | 0.022 | |||
U-Net | 0.036 | 7.338 | 0.029 | |||
Proposed | 0.030 | 5.967 | 0.024 | |||
