Table 3 Multi-dimensional evaluation framework for AIGC-generated reconstructions of Juanqinzhai interiors

From: A critical Artificial Intelligence-generated content approach for the reconstruction of Qing Palace interiors: the case of Juanqinzhai

Dimension

Indicators

Reference Basis

Assessment Criteria

Geometric accuracy

Proportional parameters such as stage depth/total room depth, caisson (zao jing) diameter/bay width, partition (zhao) drop height/column height

Juanqinzhai SU model (“ground truth”)

Calculate absolute and relative errors; present deviations in tables or distribution charts

Ornamentation

Motif density, color saturation, material texture

Historical archives, physical remains, restoration records

High consistency with historical reference = ; minor deviation = ∆; severe exaggeration/omission = ✗

Structural logic

Component proportions, spatial layout logic (e.g., enclosed vs. open)

SU model baseline; Qing Structural Regulations (Qingshi Yingzao Zeli)

Conforms to functional logic = ; partial misalignment = ∆; disproportion or structural incoherence = ✗

Contextual accuracy

Period features, stylistic consistency, symbolic hierarchy

Yangshi Lei architectural drawings, Qianlong-period documents

Matches Qianlong context = ; cross-period/stylistic mixing = ✗

Functional consistency

yanqin space: presence of luodi zhao, kang zhao, bisha chu to ensure privacy and enclosure; Theatrical space: xitai, tongjing hua, yuanguang zhao to establish performative arrangement

Prompt functional description; SU model; historical documents

Accurate function–component mapping = ; partial omission/confusion = ∆; evident misplacement or contradiction = ✗