Table 1 Datasets and resources used in this study

DEM

90

m

https://gdex.cr.usgs.gov/gdex/

MODIS NDVI

250

m

https://ladsweb.nascom.nasa.gov/data/

Soil data

1000

m

https://www.resdc.cn

Land use

250

m

https://www.resdc.cn/

Meteorological data

http://cdc.cma.gov.cn

Vegetation types

1000

m

http://www.ncdc.ac.cn

Nighttime light index

1000

m

http://www.geodata.cn

Administrative boundary

https://www.gscloud.cn/