Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participating youths and their weight status before and after COVID-19 lockdown.

From: Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on activity patterns and weight status among youths in China: the COVID-19 Impact on Lifestyle Change Survey (COINLICS)

Variable

Percentage or mean ± standard deviation

High school students

Undergraduate students

Graduate students

All

Male (n = 678)

Female (n = 2146)

Total (n = 2824)

Male (n = 2106)

Female (n = 4918)

Total (n = 7024)

Male (n = 68)

Female (n = 166)

Total (n = 234)

Grand total (n = 10,082)

Age (years)

17.5 ± 1.2

17.5 ± 1.2

17.5 ± 1.2

20.6 ± 2.0

20.6 ± 1.6

20.6 ± 1.8

24.3 ± 4.1

24.7 ± 3.2

24.6 ± 3.5

19.8 ± 2.3

Ethnic

 Han

96.9

96.7

96.7

94.2

95.1

94.8

92.6

92.2

92.3

95.3

 Minority

3.1

3.3

3.3

5.8

4.9

5.2

7.4

7.8

7.7

4.7

Urbanicity

 Urban

31.9

22.1

24.4

40.2

41.3

41.0

57.4

63.3

61.5

36.8

 Non-urban

68.1

77.9

75.6

59.8

58.7

59.0

42.6

36.7

38.5

63.2

Household income (yuan/year)

 <12k

20.8

25.7

24.5

21.7

18.5

19.4

13.2

4.3

6.9

20.6

 ≥12k–20k

28

37.9

35.5

23.2

28.2

26.7

4.5

11.4

9.4

28.9

 ≥20k–60k

28.3

25

25.8

26.3

28.1

27.6

14.7

24.7

21.8

27.0

 ≥60k–100k

15.2

7.8

9.6

14.8

13.4

13.8

22.1

22.9

22.6

12.8

 ≥100k–200k

5.5

2.6

3.3

9.4

8.6

8.9

27.9

24.7

25.6

7.7

 ≥200k

2.2

1.0

1.3

4.6

3.2

3.6

17.6

12.0

13.7

3.2

Major

 Medical Science

59.0

98.4

89.0

12.4

16.0

14.9

41.2

52.4

49.1

36.4

 Science/Engineering

39.4

1.0

10.2

51.9

22.6

31.4

44.1

20.5

27.4

25.4

 Social Science

1.6

0.6

0.8

35.7

61.4

53.7

14.7

27.1

23.5

38.2

Weight (kg)

 Pre-lockdown

62.0 ± 15.5

57.6 ± 17.4

58.6 ± 17.1

63.6 ± 12.3

55.3 ± 14.0

57.8 ± 14.1

68.6 ± 14.2

54.6 ± 10.2

58.6 ± 13.1

58 ± 14.9

 Post-lockdown

64.8 ± 22.1***

58.8 ± 23***

60.2 ± 22.9***

66.1 ± 56.7*

55.6 ± 17.3*

58.7 ± 34.6**

71.7 ± 21.1*

55.8 ± 13.4

60.4 ± 17.5**

59.9 ± 31.5***

BMI (kg/m2)

 Pre-lockdown

21.7 ± 6.0

23.0 ± 6.9

22.7 ± 6.7

21.4 ± 4.5

21.5 ± 5.5

21.4 ± 5.2

23.0 ± 3.5

20.8 ± 3.8

21.4 ± 3.8

21.8 ± 5.7

 Post-lockdown

22.8 ± 7.9***

23.8 ± 8.8***

23.6 ± 8.6***

22.3 ± 20.1*

22.3 ± 20.4***

21.8 ± 6.3***

21.9 ± 12.4*

23.9 ± 4.7*

21.4 ± 4.9***

22.1 ± 4.9***

Overweight (BMI ≥ 23)

 Pre-lockdown

23

27.9

26.7

22.4

17.8

19.1

46.3

14.5

23.6

21.4

 Post-lockdown

30.2***

30.5***

30.4***

27.4***

19.8***

22.1***

56.7*

18.8

29.7*

24.6***

Obesity (BMI ≥ 27)

 Pre-lockdown

13.1

17

16.1

7.2

9

8.5

9

3.6

5.2

10.5

 Post-lockdown

17.3***

20***

19.3***

9.7***

10.4***

10.2***

13.4

5.5

7.8*

12.6***

  1. *Values under a given variable were shown in bold, if the difference across education levels (High school students, Undergraduate students, Graduate students) within the overall population (Total) or within a given sex (Male, Female) was significant (p < 0.05); shown in italic, if the difference between sexes within a given education level was significant (p < 0.05); and marked by asterisks, if the difference before and after COVID-19 lockdown within a given education level and sex was significant (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). p values were based on χ2 tests for categorical variables or t-tests/AVONA for continuous variables.
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