Table 1 Health characteristics of subjects.

Excess fatness

 BMI > 25 kg/m²

87

42.8

9

11.0

78

64.5

 WC > 80 cm

136

67.0

27

32.9

109

90.0

 Body fat% >40

121

59.6

0

0

121

100

Glycemic profile

Glucose (>5.5 mmol/L)

13

6.4

2

2.4

11

9.1

 - Prediabetes (5.6–6.9)

13

6.4

2

2.4

11

9.1

 - Diabetes (≥7.0)

0

0

0

0

0

0

HbA1c (>5.6%)

75

36.9

20

24.4

55

45.5

 - Prediabetes (5.7–6.4%)

75

36.9

20

24.4

55

45.5

 - Diabetes (≥6.5%)

0

0

0

0

0

0

HOMA-IR index (>2)

93

45.8

21

25.6

72

59.5

Lipid profile

Triglycerides (>2.0 mmol/L)

4

2.0

2

2.4

2

1.6

Cholesterol (mmol/L)

 Total (>5.2)

33

16.2

6

7.3

27

22.3

 HDL (<0.9)

2

1

0

0

2

1.6

 LDL (>4.1)

11

5.4

0

0

11

9.1

Blood pressure (BP)

Systolic BP (mm Hg)

 Stage 1 (130–139)

3

1.5

1

1.2

2

1.6

 Stage 2 (≥140)

0

0

0

0

0

0

Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

 Stage 1 (80–89)

47

23.2

11

13.4

36

29.8

 Stage 2 (≥90)

10

4.9

1

1.2

9

7.4

Below ESPEN/EASO cutoffs for sarcopenia diagnosis

% total sample

Low HGS (<18 kg)

80

39.4

30

36.6

50

41.3

24.6

Low ALM/W (<23%)

54

26.6

2

2.4

52

43.0

25.6

HGS < 18 kg and ALM/W < 23%

23

11.3

2

2.4

21

17.4

10.3

Low ALMI (<5.5 kg/m²)

78

38.4

54

65.8

24

19.8

11.8

HGS < 18 kg and ALMI < 5.5 kg/m²

36

17.7

24

29.3

12

9.9

5.9