Fig. 2
From: Biological efficacy of perpendicular type-I collagen protruded from TiO2-nanotubes
Platelet activation and growth factor releases. a SEM images of samples after 30-min platelet-rich plasma (PRP) incubation. b At 3 h, all collagen-treated surfaces (CL and EPF) have significant increase in PDGF-AB concentration. c At 30 min, sample surfaces with nanotube topography significantly contributed to increase in the TGF-β level. d At 3 h, surface treatment (both topography and Col-I coating) had an increased amount of VEGF release. e Col-I coating had an effect on the TNF-α concentration at 1 h (blue: ST; orange: NT; gray: ST-CL; yellow: NT-CL; green: NT-EPF) (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.000 1)
