Fig. 6 | International Journal of Oral Science

Fig. 6

From: A hierarchical vascularized engineered bone inspired by intramembranous ossification for mandibular regeneration

Fig. 6The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Gene expression profile of the regenerated bone tissue repaired by HVEB is similar to that of the natural mandible and possibly undergoes intramembranous ossification via the Shh pathway. a RNA-seq analysis of normal mandibular bone (NB), newly formed tissue regenerated by EB and HVEB. Gene expression profiles are presented using a heatmap. b Volcano plots of differentially expressed genes in NB, EB, and HVEB groups. c Relative expression levels of genes of Hedgehog signaling pathway (IHH, SHH, PTCH1, SMO, GLI1, and GLI2) in the NB, EB, and HVEB groups. d t-SNE visualization of osteogenesis genes for NB, EB, and HVEB groups. e Osteogenesis gene signatures of BMP2, SMAD1, RUNX2, and OSX based on the relative expression levels in NB, EB, and HVEB groups. f t-SNE visualization of angiogenesis genes in NB, EB, and HVEB groups. g Angiogenesis gene signatures of VEGFA, CD34, CD31, and TIE 1 based on the relative expression levels in NB, EB, and HVEB groups (n = 3)

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