Fig. 3
Imaging techniques and culturomics. Fluorescence techniques, mass spectrometry, and Raman spectroscopy have enabled the visualization of the spatial arrangement and interactions of oral microbiomes, providing valuable insights into the complex microbial communities within the oral cavity. Culturomics, on the other hand, plays a crucial role in the isolation and cultivation of novel and fastidious oral taxa. High-throughput approaches are employed to multiply and optimize culture conditions, enabling the recovery of specific taxa. While reverse-genomics-enabled cultureomics is a promising technique that can be used to cultivate novel lineages. This involves the identification of target microorganisms, prediction of highly expressed membrane proteins, synthesis of target-protein domain antigens, production of antibodies, labeling of target cells with fluorescent dye, sorting of cells based on antibody signal, and subsequent culturing
