Fig. 3

Identification and characterization of mesenchymal cell lineage subpopulations. a t-SNE plots showing the clustering of 4 560 cells into 10 distinct clusters. b Box plots comparing the proportion of specific fibroblast subtypes (Vtn+ fibroblasts and MSCs) between control and EMD-treated samples. c Pseudotime analysis of mesenchymal cell lineage. From left to right, these plots show the overall pseudotime trajectory, the trajectories of specific subpopulations: fibrogenic progenitor cells, MSCs, and Vtn+ fibroblasts. d Heatmap of gene expression along the pseudotime trajectory, divided into three clusters (C1, C2, C3). The right side of the heatmap annotates the major biological processes associated with each gene cluster. The gene score plots on the left illustrate the progression of gene expression scores over pseudotime