Fig. 2: Boxplots of environmental indicators from the EPA EJScreen by 1930s HOLC grade. | Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology

Fig. 2: Boxplots of environmental indicators from the EPA EJScreen by 1930s HOLC grade.

From: Linking environmental injustices in Detroit, MI to institutional racial segregation through historical federal redlining

Fig. 2: Boxplots of environmental indicators from the EPA EJScreen by 1930s HOLC grade.

From left to right, top to bottom: proximity to Risk Management Plan (RMP) sites (count), proximity to hazardous waste sites (count), hazardous noise indicator (% road noise exposure>70 dBA), traffic volume (count), diesel particulate matter (PM, µg/m3), air cancer toxics risk (lifetime risk in 1 million), respiratory hazard index (ratio—unitless), lead paint indicator (% housing stock pre-1960s), PM2.5 (µg/m3), ozone (ppb), proximity to Superfund sites (count), and proximity to wastewater sites (count). Grade A signifies the “best” neighborhoods; grade B signifies “still desirable” neighborhoods; grade C signifies “definitely declining” neighborhoods; and grade D signifies “hazardous” neighborhoods. Redlined neighborhoods (grade D) are shaded gray; non-redlined neighborhoods (grades A, B, and C) are not shaded. Note that the y-axes are not consistent due to the different units of the environmental indicators. Diamond represents mean.

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