Table 3 Stratified analyses by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) rai stage and sex, and sensitivity analyses.

From: Lifetime exposure to brominated trihalomethanes in drinking water and swimming pool attendance are associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a Multicase-Control Study in Spain (MCC-Spain)

Stratification by:

CLL rai stage

Sex

 

Stage 0

Stage I-IV

Men

Women

Brominated THMs in residential tap water, ORa (95% CI) Per 10 μg/L

1.21 (1.11, 1.31), (N = 1035)

1.23 (1.10, 1.37), (N = 1190)

1.26 (1.15, 1.39), (N = 736)

1.17 (1.04, 1.32), (N = 536)

Chloroform in residential tap water, ORb (95% CI) Per 10 μg/L

0.57 (0.32, 1.03), (N = 1035)

0.38 (0.19, 0.77), (N = 1190)

0.46 (0.25, 0.85), (N = 736)

0.65 (0.31, 1.35), (N = 536)

Nitrate waterborne ingestion, ORc (95% CI) Per 5 mg/day

0.95 (0.82, 1.11), (N = 1027)

0.87 (0.71, 1.07), (N = 1163)

0.93 (0.79, 1.10), (N = 724)

0.94 (0.76, 1.16), (N = 521)

Average frequency of pool attendance, ORd (95% CI) Per 25 times/year increasee

1.06 (0.99, 1.14), (N = 1180)

1.00 (0.90, 1.11), (N = 1139)

1.07 (0.96, 1.18), (N = 521)

1.05 (0.97, 1.13), (N = 719)

Excluding:

Family history of hematologic malignancy

Prevalent CLL casesf

 

Brominated THMs in residential tap water, ORa (95% CI) Per 10 μg/L

1.22 (1.14, 1.32), (N = 1118)

1.21 (1.08, 1.37), (N = 1006)

 

Chloroform in residential tap water, ORb (95% CI) Per 10 μg/L

0.41 (0.25, 0.66), (N = 1118)

0.73 (0.31, 1.68), (N = 1006)

Nitrate waterborne ingestion, ORc (95% CI) Per 5 mg/day

0.91 (0.80, 1.05), (N = 1093)

0.76 (0.61, 0.95), (N = 998)

Average frequency of pool attendance, ORd (95% CI) Per 25 times/year increasee

1.06 (0.99, 1.13), (N = 1098)

1.05 (0.96, 1.16), (N = 914)

  1. Brominated THMs includes bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform.
  2. ORs Odds ratios, 95% CIs 95% confidence intervals.
  3. aModel adjusted for region, age, sex, and educational level, family history of hematologic malignancy, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, ever worked in farming or agriculture, alcohol consumption, chloroform residential tap water and nitrate waterborne ingestion.
  4. bModel adjusted for region, age, sex, and educational level, family history of hematologic malignancy, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, ever worked in farming or agriculture, alcohol consumption, brominated THM residential tap water and nitrate waterborne ingestion.
  5. cModel adjusted for region, age, sex, and educational level, family history of hematologic malignancy, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, ever worked in farming or agriculture, alcohol consumption, total THM residential tap water.
  6. dModel adjusted for region, age, sex, and educational level, family history of hematologic malignancy, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, ever worked in farming or agriculture and alcohol consumption.
  7. eCorresponds to the 25th percentile among users.
  8. fOnly including newly diagnosed patients during the study period.
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