Table 2 Associations between average water nitrate exposure and risk of end-stage renal disease among AHS participants (N = 59,632), 1993−2018.

From: Ingested nitrate and nitrite and end-stage renal disease in licensed pesticide applicators and spouses in the Agricultural Health Study

Exposure

Total Cases (n = 469)

Total N (n = 59,632)

Minimally adjusteda

Fully adjustedb

HR (95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

Average NO3-N (mg/L)

T1 (0−1)

148

19858

Referent

Referent

T2 (1−2.4)

186

19856

1.18 (0.95, 1.46)

1.02 (0.82, 1.27)

T3 (2.4−46)

135

19918

0.89 (0.70, 1.12)

0.90 (0.72, 1.14)

  1. AHS Agricultural Health Study, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. aMinimally adjusted Cox proportional hazards model accounted for age.
  3. bFully adjusted Cox proportional hazards model accounted for age, sex, state of residence, education, and smoking status.
Back to article page