Table 3 Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from three ordinal logistic regression models with proportional odds assumption modeling for tinnitus distress in subjects with prevalent tinnitus (dependent variable) per point increase in (source-specific) overall noise annoyance (independent variable).

From: Noise annoyance due to different sources is associated with tinnitus presence and distress in the general population

(Source-specific) Overall noise annoyance

N

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

OR per point increase [95% CI]

P-value

OR per point increase [95% CI]

P-value

OR per point increase [95% CI]

P-value

Road traffic

1839

1.18 [1.09; 1.29]

<0.0001

1.19 [1.09; 1.30]

<0.0001

1.18 [1.08; 1.28]

0.00017

Aircraft

1839

1.18 [1.11; 1.26]

<0.0001

1.17 [1.10; 1.25]

<0.0001

1.20 [1.12; 1.28]

<0.0001

Railway

1839

0.99 [0.88; 1.11]

0.86

1.00 [0.89; 1.12]

0.98

1.00 [0.89; 1.13]

0.97

Industrial

1839

1.18 [1.06; 1.32]

0.00029

1.22 [1.09; 1.37]

0.00049

1.23 [1.10; 1.39]

0.00040

Neighborhood

1839

1.14 [1.04; 1.25]

0.0037

1.18 [1.08; 1.29]

0.00025

1.19 [1.09; 1.30]

0.00019

Overall

1839

1.20 [1.12; 1.28]

<0.0001

1.21 [1.13; 1.29]

<0.0001

1.22 [1.14; 1.31]

<0.0001

  1. N denotes model 3. Source-specific overall noise annoyance was defined as highest source-specific annoyance rating regardless of whether it affected daytime or sleep. Overall noise annoyance was defined as highest annoyance rating regardless of the specific noise source and of whether it affected daytime or sleep.
  2. Model 1 was adjusted for sex.
  3. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for age.
  4. Model 3 was additionally adjusted for socioeconomic status.
  5. P-values < 0.05 (in bold) were regarded as important associations.
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