Table 2 Significant correlations between individual LEBA items and hypothesised light metrics for Malaysia and Switzerland.

From: Physiologically-relevant light exposure and light behaviour in Switzerland and Malaysia

Question/Factor

Metric

LEBA item

Correlation coefficienta

p-valueb

Interpretation

I spend 30 min or less per day (in total) outside

PAT1000

F2, 04

−0.33

0.018

The more often 30 min or less are spent outside, the shorter the period above 1000 lx

I spend more than 3 h per day (in total) outside

PAT1000

F2, 07

0.46

<0.001

The more often >3 h per day are spent outside, the longer the period above 1000 lx

I spend more than 3 h per day (in total) outside

TAT1000

F2, 07

0.45

<0.001

The more often > 3 h per day are spent outside, the higher the time above 1000 lx

I spend as much time outside as possible

M10m

F2, 08

0.39

0.003

The more spend time outside as possible, the brighter the brightest 10 h (mean)

I spend as much time outside as possible

PAT1000

F2, 08

0.47

<0.001

The more spend time outside as possible, the longer the period above 1000 lx

I spend as much time outside as possible

TAT1000

F2, 08

0.48

<0.001

The more spend time outside as possible, the higher the time above 1000 lx

I spend as much time outside as possible

TAT250

F2, 08

0.32

0.011

The more spend time outside as possible, the higher the time above 250 lx

I look at my smartwatch within 1 h before attempting to fall asleep

LLiT250

F3, 13

0.34

<0.001

The more often smartwatches are looked at within 1h before attempting to fall asleep, the later the last time above 250 lx

I use an alarm with a dawn simulation light

SCmelEDI

F5, 22

−0.34

<0.001

The more an alarm with a dawn simulation light is used, the warmer the light colour temperature

I turn on the lights immediately after waking up

FLiT250

F5, 23

−0.35

0.002

The more often the lights are turned on immediately after waking up, the earlier the first time above 250  lx

  1. FLiT250 first time above threshold of 250 lux, LLiT250 last time above threshold of 250 lux, M10m mean light exposure during the most active 10 h, PAT1000 period above threshold at 1000 lux, SCmelEDI spectral composition of equivalent daylight illuminance, TAT1000 time above threshold at 1000 lux, TAT250 time above threshold at 250 lux.
  2. P-values are considered significant below 0.05.
  3. aSpearman correlation coefficient between the metric and the LEBA question/factor.
  4. bp-values are adjusted for multiple comparisons using the false-discovery-rate for n = 168 comparisons.
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