Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of n = 314 children and young people aged <18 years diagnosed with hypertension (including Secondary, Primary and White Coat Hypertension) by a dedicated Paediatric Hypertension service over a recent 6-year period.
From: Demographics of childhood hypertension in the UK: a report from the Southeast England
White coat | Primary | Secondary | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | n (% of total) | 47 (15.0) | 84 (26.8) | 183 (58.2) | |
Referral source | Primary care n (%) | 3 (6.4) | 3 (3.6) | 2 (1.1) | <0.001 |
Secondary care n (%) | 25 (53.2) | 58 (69.0) | 65 (35.5) | ||
Tertiary care n (%) | 19 (40.4) | 23 (27.4) | 116 (63.4) | ||
Patients on antihypertensives on assessment | n (%) | 3 (6.4) | 39 (46.4) | 139 (76) | <0.001 |
Sex | Male n (%) | 15 (31.9) | 39 (46.4) | 87 (47.5) | 0.158 |
Female n (%) | 32 (68.0) | 45 (53.6) | 96 (52.5) | ||
Age in years | Mean (SD) | 13.4 (±3.4)a | 14.2 (±2.5)b | 8.9 (±6.1)a,b | <0.001a,b |
Age category | <6 years n (%) | 2 (4.3) | 0 (0.0)c | 72 (39.3)d | <0.001 |
6–11 years n (%) | 11 (23.4) | 13 (15.5) | 37 (20.2) | ||
12–18 years n (%) | 34 (72.3) | 71 (84.5)e | 74 (40.4) | ||
Ethnicity (n = 307) | White n (%) | 26 (61.9) | 48 (57.8) | 146 (80.2)f | <0.001 |
Black n (%) | 7 (16.6) | 25 (30.1)g | 18 (9.9) | ||
SE Asian n (%) | 8 (19.0) | 8 (9.6) | 12 (6.6) | ||
Other n (%) | 1 (2.4) | 2 (2.4) | 6 (3.3) | ||
Undisclosed n (%) | 5 | 1 | 1 | ||
Height | Mean (cm) (SD) | 161.8 (±19.0)a | 162.8 (±18.0)b | 125.6 (±39.9)a,b | <0.001a,b |
Z score height | Mean (SD) | 1.25 (±1.88)a | 0.64 (±1.62)b | -0.29 (±2.09)a,b | <0.001a,b |
Weight | Mean (kg) (SD) | 66.2 (±24.1)a | 72.1 (±25.4)b | 37.8 (±26.1)a,b | <0.001a,b |
Z score weight | Mean (SD) | 1.35 (±1.24)a | 1.47 (±1.15)b | 0.18 (±1.73)a,b | <0.001a,b |
BMI | Mean (kg/m2) (SD) | 24.6 (±6.5)a | 26.6 (±7.3)b | 20.3 (±5.4)a,b | <0.001a,b |
Z score BMI | Mean (SD) | 1.09 (±1.12) | 1.32 (±0.97)b | 0.49 (±0.97)b | <0.001b |
