Table 1 Clinical characteristics of participants by blood pressure group.

From: Vascular phenotypes in early hypertension

 

Normotension = 79

Hypertension = 73

P value

Male sex (%)

41 (52)

41 (56)

0.598

BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD)

26.3 (4.8)

28.8 (4.1)

0.001

Age, years, median (IQR)

39 (12)

39 (14)

0.83

SBP, mmHg, Mean (SD)

124.6 (13.9)

146.8 (15.3)

<0.0001

DBP, mmHg, mean (SD)

80.0 (10.5)

93.0 (11.8)

<0.0001

BAME Ethnicity N (%)

8 (11.0)

11 (15.1)

0.50

Smoking N (%)

6 (8.2)

1 (1.4)

n/a

SBP24, mmHg, mean (SD)

115.7 (8.9)

141.1 (9.0)

<0.0001

DBP24, mmHg, mean (SD)

72.7 (7.0)

88.1 (7.9)

<0.0001

SBP SD, mmHg, median (IQR)

9.6 (2.7)

11.4 (3.0)

<0.0001

DBP SD, mmHg, median (IQR)

8.0 (4.1)

9.0 (3.6)

0.07

SBP day, mmHg, mean (SD)

119.7 (9.5)

145.4 (8.7)

<0.0001

DBP day, mmHg, mean (SD)

76.4 (7.4)

91.5 (7.7)

<0.0001

SBP night, mmHg, mean (SD)

102.9 (10.5)

124.7 (13.3)

<0.0001

DBP night, mmHg, mean (SD)

61.9 (7.9)

74.2 (11.1)

<0.0001

% dip SBP mean (SD)

11.7 (5.3)

12.0 (6.3)

0.75

% dip DBP mean (SD

15.5 (6.2)

12.0 (6.3)

0.66

Nocturnal dip (%)

43 (58.9)

44 (60.3)

0.57

HR range day, median (IQR)

40 (26.5)

34 (13.3)

0.18

HR range night, median (IQR)

22 (15)

19 (11.5)

0.79

CIMT mm mean (SD)

0.55 (0.12)

0.54 (0.12)

0.58

FMD % mean (SD)

4.9 (4.25)

6.1 (4.05)

0.40

  Rest diameter mean (SD)

3.94 (0.74)

4.2 (0.77)

0.07

  Max diameter mean (SD)

4.26 (0.83)

4.5 (0.76)

0.04

LnRHI mean (SD)

0.69 (0.28)

0.78 (0.31)

0.06

  AIx median (IQR)

6 (18)

14 (31)

0.06

    HR mean (SD)

63.1 (10.2)

67.1 (10.6)

0.02

AI@75% median (IQR)

−1.00 (24.2)

9.00 (28.5)

0.01

PWV m/sec mean (SD)

6.57 (1.29)

7.50 (1.7)

<0.0001

PWA AIx mean (SD)

9 (28.0)

11.75 (27.3)

0.05

SCP mmHg mean (SD)

113.1 (12.5)

133.0 (14.0)

<0.0001

DCP mmHg mean (SD)

77.9 (9.5)

93.0 (10.6)

<0.0001

IDQ median (IQR)

7.0 (8.0)

12.0 (6)

<0.0001

IPAQ median (IQR)

2706 (2629)

1896 (1402)

0.01

  1. DBP diastolic blood pressure, BAME Black Asian and Minority Ethnic, SD standard deviation, HR heart rate, CIMT carotid IMT, LnRHI log of reactive hyperaemia index, AI@75% EndoPAT2000 derived augmentation index adjusted for heart rate, PWV pulse wave velocity, PWA pulse wave analysis, PWA AIx augmentation index derived from PWA, SCP systolic central pressure, DCP diastolic central pressure, IDQ interheart diet score, IPAQ International Physical Activity Questionnaire.
  2. *Indicates statistical significance following adjustment for age, sex and BMI in regression analysis with BP as a categorical response. Hypertension group based on 24 h systolic blood pressure (SBP) above 130 mmHg or daytime SBP above 135 mmHg; Normotension group had BP values below these thresholds.
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