Table 2 Study methodology and procedural specifications of included studies.

From: Effects of renal denervation on kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author (Year)

Marin (2021)a [32]

Scalise (2020)b [31]

Ott (2019) [30]

Prasad (2019) [29]

Hameed (2017) [28]

Hering (2017) [27]

Hoye (2017) [22]

Kiuchi (2015) [26]

Ott (2015) [25]

Schlaich (2013) [24]

Hering (2012) [23]

Inclusion Criteria

1) OSBP > 140 despite being treated with ≥3 anti-HTN medication (including a diuretic)

1) Long-term haemodialysis

2) OBP ≥ 140/90 despite being treated with ≥3 anti-HTN medication (including a diuretic)

1) eGFR<15

2) 4-weeks of stable haemodialysis

3) 24-hour ABP ≥ 135/85, uncontrolled, on 4 weeks of stable treatment (at least three anti-HTN medications)

1) OSBP > 140 despite being treated with ≥3 anti-HTN medication (including a diuretic)

1) eGFR between 15–44

2) OSBP ≥ 140 despite being treated with ≥3 anti-HTN medication

1) eGFR≤60

2) OBP > 140/90 despite being treated with ≥3 anti-HTN medication (including a diuretic if tolerated)

1) Dialysis therapy for at least 3 months

2) OBP > 140/90 despite anti-HTN medication

1) eGFR between 15- 89 (patients with eGFR >60 were required to have microalbuminuria)

2) OSBP ≥ 160 despite being treated with ≥3 anti-HTN medication (including a diuretic)

1) OBP ≥ 140/90 despite being treated with ≥3 anti-HTN medication (including a diuretic)

1) OBP > 140/90, despite being treated with ≥3 anti-HTN medication

NR

CKD Stage

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

19

0

0

0

3

47.6% (10)

0

0

68.0% (17)

Patients were stage 3 and 4

Patients were stage 3, 4 and 5

0

6

Patients were stage 3 and 4

0

Patients were stage 3 and 4

4

33.3% (7)

0

0

32.0% (8)

Patients were stage 3 and 4

Patients were stage 3, 4 and 5

0

5

Patients were stage 3 and 4

0

Patients were stage 3 and 4

5

19.0% (4)

100% (12)

100% (6)

0

0

Patients were stage 3, 4 and 5

100% (9)

0

0

100% (9)

0

% Dialysis

19.0% (4)c

100% (12)

100% (6)

0

0

NR

100% (9)

0

0

100% (9)

NR

Dialysis Modality

Haemodialysis

Haemodialysis

Haemodialysis

NA

NA

NR

Haemodialysis (n = 6), Peritoneal (n = 3)

NA

NA

Haemodialysis

NR

RDN Method

Symplicity Flex (n = 4), Symplicity Spyral (n = 17)

Bilateral (n = 11), Unilateral (n = 1, nephrectomy): Symplicity Spyral (n = 8), EnligHTN (n = 4)

Bilateral: Symplicity Flex

Unilateral (n = 4) Bilateral (n = 21): Symplicity

Symplicity flex or Symplicity Spyral

Bilateral: Symplicity

Multipolar: EnligHTN

AlCath Flux eXtra Gold Full Circle 2708

Symplicity Flex

Bilateral: Symplicity Flex

Bilateral: Symplicity

Number of Ablations

32.5 ± 15.6

28 ± 4.7

Left: 6.2 ± 4.7 Right: 4.5 ± 0.95

4 to 6 ablations on each side

11.3 ± 2.4

12.9 ± 3.3

Left: 4

Right: 4

Left: 9 ± 3 (5–14)

Right: 9 ± 3 (4–14)

≥4

10.2 ± 3.0

9.9 ± 1.5

Drug Adherence Assessment

Direct Questioning

Direct Questioning

NA

NA

NR

Direct Questioning

NR

Review per F/U visit

Urine sampling at 6-month F/U (n = 17)

NR

Review per F/U visit

  1. Units for blood pressure and eGFR are in mm Hg and mL/min per 1.73 m2 respectively.
  2. OSBP Office Systolic Blood Pressure, HTN Hypertension, TRH Treatment Resistant Hypertension, eGFR Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, ABP Ambulatory Blood Pressure, CKD Chronic Kidney Disease, OBP Office Blood Pressure, NR Not Reported, NA Not Applicable, RDN Renal Denervation, F/U Follow-up.
  3. aOnly patients with an eGFR < 45 mL/min per 1.73 m2 were extracted from this study.
  4. bOnly RDN treatment arm was extracted from this study.
  5. cOnly the four patients in stage 5 CKD received dialysis.