Table 2 Participant Characteristics Categorized by Treatment Group.
Characteristic | Intervention N = 143 (52%) | Control N = 132 (48%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD), y | 64.01 (13.82) | 65.02 (13.93) | 0.57 |
Gender | 0.80 | ||
Male, No. (%) | 65 (45.5) | 58 (43.9) | |
Female, No. (%) | 78 (54.5) | 74 (56.1) | |
Weight, mean (SD), kg | 71.05 (18.23) | 69.26 (15.22) | 0.53 |
Race/ethnicity, No. (%) | 0.03 | ||
Malay | 63 (44.1) | 40 (30.3) | |
Chinese | 50 (35.0) | 65 (49.2) | |
Indian | 30 (21.0) | 27 (20.5) | |
Income, No. (%) | 0.11 | ||
No Income | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | |
B40 (RM 1 to RM 4849) | 29 (20.3) | 29 (22.3) | |
M40 (RM 4850 to RM10959) | 95 (66.4) | 93 (71.5) | |
T20 (RM 10960 & above) | 19 (13.3) | 7 (5.4) | |
Education Level, No. (%) | 0.04 | ||
No Formal Education | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | |
Primary Education | 9 (6.3) | 19 (14.4) | |
Secondary Education | 73 (51.0) | 71 (53.8) | |
Tertiary Education | 61 (42.7) | 41 (31.1) | |
Number of Family Members, No. (%) | 0.01 | ||
1-3 | 48 (33.8) | 66 (51.2) | |
4-6 | 88 (62.0) | 56 (43.4) | |
7-9 | 6 (4.2) | 7 (5.4) | |
Smart Phone Price, mean (SD), RM | 1218.18 (377.98) | 1118.26 (351.29) | 0.02 |
Adherence (MMAS), median (IQR) | |||
Baseline MMAS Score | 5.25 (0.75) | 5.25 (1.00) | 0.13 |
F1 MMAS Score | 5.75 (1.00) | 5.50 (1.00) | <0.001 |
F2 MMAS Score | 6.50 (1.00) | 5.50 (1.19) | <0.001 |
Clinical Outcome (Blood Pressure SBP/DBP), mean (SD) | |||
Baseline Hypertension | 146.23 (19.21)/ 77.08 (11.51) | 142.01 (18.64) /75.89 (9.22) | 0.09/0.39 |
Hypertension F1 | 138.69 (16.80) /74.75 (10.38) | 142.79 (17.45) /74.01 (11.32) | 0.07/0.60 |
Hypertension F2 | 136.13 (16.15) /71.60 (11.16) | 147.28 (17.99) /76.61 (10.22) | <0.001/<0.001 |
Satisfaction, MASS score, median (IQR) | <0.001 | ||
User Interface | 3.67 (1.33) | ||
Perceived Utility | 3.50 (1.15) | ||
System Quality | 4.00 (1.00) | ||
Service Quality | 3.50 (1.00) | ||
Feature Satisfaction | 3.38 (0.97) | ||
General Satisfaction | 4.00 (1.34) | ||
MASS Score | 3.65 (0.57) |
