Table 4 Nonpharmacologic interventions related to NAS, sample respondents in California Birth Hospitals in 2018.
From: Neonatal abstinence syndrome management in California birth hospitals: results of a statewide survey
Routinely provided nonpharmacologic interventions | % | 95% CI | # of hospitals | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Environment (n = 64) | ||||
Swaddling | 100% | 93% | 100% | 64 |
Quiet environment | 94% | 85% | 98% | 60 |
Low-level lighting | 86% | 75% | 93% | 55 |
Covered isolette/crib | 69% | 57% | 79% | 44 |
Sleep positioning | 69% | 57% | 79% | 44 |
Warm blanket | 39% | 28% | 51% | 25 |
Music therapy | 17% | 10% | 28% | 11 |
Rooming-in | 44% | 32% | 56% | 28 |
Dyad-specific care (n = 62) | ||||
Skin-to-skin care | 71% | 59% | 81% | 44 |
Breastfeeding | 60% | 47% | 71% | 37 |
Physical intervention (n = 62) | ||||
Holding | 95% | 86% | 99% | 59 |
Gentle rocking | 81% | 69% | 89% | 50 |
Gentle containment/pressure | 60% | 47% | 71% | 37 |
Slow infant handling | 56% | 44% | 68% | 35 |
Massage | 21% | 13% | 33% | 13 |
Other (n = 62) | ||||
Volunteer “cuddler” program | 48% | 36% | 61% | 30 |
Empowering messages to caregiver | 21% | 13% | 33% | 13 |
Delaying circumcision | 16% | 9% | 27% | 10 |
Acupuncture | 3% | 0% | 12% | 2 |
