Table 3 Characteristics of weekly and monthly milk ingestion and coughing.

From: Feeding characteristics of healthy infants without reported feeding impairments throughout the first month of life

 

1 week old

2 weeks old

3 weeks old

4 weeks old

Entire month

Friedman test

Milk ingestion

  Volume consumed (ml)

44.49 ± 16.15 (1–89)

62.70 ± 20.28 (10–163)

74.51 ± 18.33 (10–119)

80.80 ± 22.62 (10–126)

69.23 ± 22.68 (1–163)

X2 (3) = 27.33, p < 0.001

  Feeding duration (min)

22.17 ± 8.15 (2–69)

18.79 ± 8.07 (1–105)

18.37 ± 7.19 (3–115)

18.47 ± 6.88 (1–75)

20.05 ± 7.23 (1–115)

X2 (3) = 5.56, p = 0.14

  Rate of transfer (ml/min)

3.67 ± 1.95 (0.25–10.00)

4.85 ± 2.23 (0.87–16.67)

6.04 ± 3.06 (1.43–22.18)

5.20 ± 2.24 (1.04–17.74)

4.82 ± 3.06 (0.25–22.18)

NA

Coughing

  Feeds with at least one coughing episode

20% ± 20% (0–85%)

17% ± 16% (0–82%)

15% ± 12% (0–47%)

14% ± 13% (0–47%)

17% ± 13% (0–58%)

X2 (3) = 1.74, p = 0.63

  Frequency of coughing in a feed if present

1.22 ± 0.37 (1–6)

1.15 ± 0.24 (1–4)

1.11 ± 0.19 (1–4)

1.16 ± 0.34 (1–4)

1.17 ± 0.23 (1–6)

X2 (3) = 2.57, p = 0.46

  1. Values for milk ingestion and frequency of coughing represent mean ± SD (range). The range depicts the absolute minimum and maximum of a variable observed across all feeds within a given time period. Corresponding sample sizes and 95% BCa confidence intervals for each mean estimate above are outlined in the Supplementary Material. The Friedman test was performed on only those who had data for a given variable across all 4 weeks; this was n = 11 for volume consumed (bottle feed only), n = 32 for feeding duration, n = 57 for feeds with at least one coughing episode, and n = 44 for frequency of coughing in a feed if present. The Friedman test was not calculated for rate of transfer, as there were only four infants who had rate of transfer information across all 4 weeks.
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