Table 4 Univariable and multivariable analysis for neonatal outcomes.

From: What drives outcomes in infants of mothers with congenital heart disease? A mediation analysis

 

No maternal CHD (n = 15,720)

Maternal CHD (n = 3930)

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjustedc OR (95% CI)

1-year mortality

0.3%

0.7%

2.32 (1.47–3.69)

1.27 (0.77–2.07)

Major neonatal morbiditya

0.7%

1.7%

2.48 (1.82–2.28)

1.53 (1.10–2.14)

PPHN

0.3%

0.8%

2.57 (1.62–4.06)

1.57 (0.96–2.60)

Need for NIPPV or IPPV during birth hospitalization

3.7%

7.9%

2.21 (1.91–2.55)

1.64 (1.40–1.92)

Long birth hospitalizationb

12.4%

20.1%

1.77 (1.62–1.94)

1.48 (1.34–1.64)

Hospital readmission during first year of life

10.7%

13.5%

1.30 (1.17–1.49)

1.13 (1.01–1.26)

  1. PPHN persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, NIPPV non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, IPPV invasive positive pressure ventilation, OR odds ratio, CHD congenital heart disease, CI confidence interval.
  2. aDefined as one of the following: bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe retinopathy of prematurity requiring intervention, intraventricular hemorrhage >grade 2, necrotizing enterocolitis.
  3. bFor vaginal delivery length of stay >2 days, for c-section length of stay >4 days.
  4. cadjusted for gestational age, sex, small for gestational age, critical congenital heart disease, and other malformations or syndromes.
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