Table 3 Descriptive table of pregnant people by prenatal consult group among congenital anomaly cohort.
From: Inequities in prenatal neonatology consultation in high-mortality neonatal populations
Variable | Overall (N = 197) | Did not receive a consult (N = 41) | Received a consult (N = 156) | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Race | 0.0045 | |||
White | 155 (78.7%) | 28 (18.1%) | 127 (81.9%) | |
Black or African American | 30 (15.2%) | 6 (20.0%) | 24 (80.0%) | |
Asian | 1 (0.5%) | 1 (100%) | ||
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 1 (0.5%) | 1 (100%) | ||
Multiracial/Unknown | 10 (5.1%) | 7 (70.0%) | 3 (30.0%) | |
Dichotomized race | 0.0680 | |||
White | 155 (78.7%) | 28 (18.1%) | 127 (81.9%) | |
Non-White | 42 (21.3%) | 13 (31.0%) | 29 (69.0%) | |
Ethnicity | 0.1588 | |||
Non-Hispanic | 190 (96.4%) | 38 (20.0%) | 152 (80.0%) | |
Hispanic | 7 (3.6%) | 3 (42.9%) | 4 (57.1%) | |
Preferred language | 0.0204 | |||
English | 188 (95.4%) | 36 (19.1%) | 152 (80.9%) | |
Other | 9 (4.6%) | 5 (55.6%) | 4 (44.4%) | |
Age at delivery (years) | 0.3896 | |||
Median (Q1, Q3) | 29.6 (24.5, 33.2) | 29.6 (27.2, 33.0) | 29.6 (24.2, 33.4) | |
Insurance payor type | 0.6426 | |||
Medicaid or self-pay | 88 (44.7%) | 17 (19.3%) | 71 (80.7%) | |
Commercial | 109 (55.3%) | 24 (22.0%) | 85 (78.0%) | |
Community deprivation index | 0.5524 | |||
Median (Q1, Q3) | 0.3 (0.3, 0.4) | 0.3 (0.3, 0.4)b | 0.3 (0.3, 0.4)c | |
Prenatal care | ||||
Fertility treatment | 0.6725 | |||
No | 189 (95.9%) | 39 (20.6%) | 150 (79.4%) | |
Yes | 8 (4.1%) | 2 (25.0%) | 6 (75.0%) | |
Prenatal care | 0.2030 | |||
Good | 182 (92.4%) | 40 (22.0%) | 142 (78.0%) | |
Inadequate (None, Scant, or Late) | 15 (7.6%) | 1 (6.7%) | 14 (93.3%) | |
Birth hospital | 0.0542 | |||
One level IV NICU | 56 (28.4%) | 7 (12.5%) | 49 (87.5%) | |
One academic level III NICU | 99 (50.3%) | 21 (21.2%) | 78 (78.8%) | |
One private level III NICU | 39 (19.8%) | 11 (28.2%) | 28 (71.8%) | |
Two level II NICUs | 3 (1.5%) | 2 (66.7%) | 1 (33.3%) | |
Gestational age at consult (weeks) | – | |||
Median (Q1, Q3) | 26.1 (22.9, 32.1) | 26.1 (22.9, 32.1) | ||
Consultation location | – | |||
Fetal Care Center (FCC) | 110 (71.0%) | 110 (100%) | ||
Inpatient | 45 (29.0%) | 45 (100%) | ||
Infant anomaly | ||||
Periviability | 3 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (100%) | 1.0000 |
Hydrops | 44 (22.3%) | 6 (13.6%) | 38 (86.4%) | 0.1834 |
Chromosomal | 27 (13.7%) | 7 (25.9%) | 20 (74.1%) | 0.4811 |
Fetal malformation | 41 (20.8%) | 2 (4.9%) | 39 (95.1%) | 0.0047 |
Renal | 36 (18.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 36 (100%) | 0.0007 |
CNS | 24 (12.2%) | 3 (12.5%) | 21 (87.5%) | 0.4216 |
Cardiac | 35 (17.8%) | 26 (74.3%) | 9 (25.7%) | <0.0001 |
Number of severe anomalies | 1.0000 | |||
1 | 183 (92.9%) | 38 (20.8%) | 145 (79.2%) | |
2 | 14 (7.1%) | 3 (21.4%) | 11 (78.6%) | |
Number of severe anomaly categories | 0.4369 | |||
1 | 187 (94.9%) | 38 (20.3%) | 149 (79.7%) | |
2 | 10 (5.1%) | 3 (30.0%) | 7 (70.0%) | |
Outcomes | ||||
Gestational age at birth (weeks) | <0.0001 | |||
Median (Q1, Q3) | 36.7 (33.7, 37.9) | 38.0 (37.0, 39.0) | 36.1 (33.0, 37.4) | |
Timing: admission to consult (days) | – | |||
Median (Q1, Q3) | −45.4 (−88.8, −1.3) | |||
Timing: consult to birth (days) | – | |||
Median (Q1, Q3) | 51.1 (11.1, 91.5) | |||
Decision for resuscitation | 0.3149 | |||
Full active resuscitation | 36 (21.4%) | 132 (78.6%) | ||
Limited resuscitation | 9 (100%) | |||
Comfort care | 5 (25.0%) | 15 (75.0%) | ||
