Fig. 8: Roles of S1PR3 signaling in mediating the expression of VEGF-A mRNA in TKE2 corneal epithelial cell line and primary ocular fibroblasts.

Both TKE2 corneal epithelial cells (a) and primary ocular fibroblasts (b) express S1PR3. Scale Bar, 200 μm. Administration of S1P upregulated VEGF-A, that declined following addition of an S1PR3 antagonist, CAY10444 (c). On the other hand, administration of S1P and/or CAY10444 did not affect the expression level of VEGF-A in ocular fibroblasts (d).