Fig. 1: Serum and urine metabolic profile of AML. | Leukemia

Fig. 1: Serum and urine metabolic profile of AML.

From: Integrated genomic-metabolic classification of acute myeloid leukemia defines a subgroup with NPM1 and cohesin/DNA damage mutations

Fig. 1: Serum and urine metabolic profile of AML.

A 3D representation of principal component (PC)1, PC2, and PC3 projection of serum NMR data of AML and healthy controls (CTRL), which accounted for 53% of the total explained variance. B 3D representation of PC1, PC2, and PC4 projections of urine NMR data of AML and healthy controls. C Hierachical clustering of AML and controls using integrated serum (n = 3) and urine (n = 4) PCs, selected as the best combination of predictive features by comparing an AdaBoost Classifier and a SVM Classifier. The integration yielded an enhanced coherence in adjacency between AML and controls compared with single biofluid analysis. Each component contains linear combinations of signature metabolites shown in biplots for both sera and urine samples. Colors indicate the score on each PC. D BiPlot on PCA reduced space of serum NMR data. Metabolites showing significant alterations (p < 0.05) were plotted along their maximum variance direction in the PCA score space. Only completely template-matched signals were reported. E Estimated probability density functions (PDFs) of serum PC3 scores of AML cases according to bone marrow blast percentage (20–49%: p = 1.66e−04; 50–74%: p = 6.47e−10; ≥75%: p = 1.67e−15) and F peripheral blood blast percentage (<30%: p = 8.85e−08; 30–69%: p = 5.98e−10; ≥70%: p = 8.33e−15). The similarity between each AML blast count class and CTRL was computed using the score distribution of serum PC3, which is the latent variable best separating AML and CTRL in the metabolic latent space (DKS: absolute value of the maximal difference between the cumulative function of two distributions, representing the maximal distance between them, according to Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistics). G BiPlot on PCA reduced space of urine NMR data. Metabolites were plotted as in (D). H Serum PC4 scores in AML patients (median value: group 1, −1.94 and group 2, 6.35). I BiPlot on PLSDA reduced space (from a 5-PLSDA-component AdaBoost classification) for TP53-wt and TP53-mut/del AML. Metabolites were plotted along their maximum variance direction in the PLSDA score space (LV latent variables).

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