Fig. 1: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), flow cytometry profiling, and error-corrected DNA sequencing (ECS) of samples from PNH patients and healthy donors.

A Overview of the experimental workflow. scRNA-seq and flow cytometric profiling were performed on bone marrow (BM)-derived cells. PIGA clonal dynamics were evaluated by bulk targeted DNA sequencing of peripheral blood (PB) cells. Percentages of GPI(−) granulocytes in PB were obtained from clinical laboratory data. This figure was created with BioRender.com. B A percentage of each GPI(−) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) type relative to the total number of Lin-CD34+ cells derived from PNH patients (n = 8). Patients were stratified into two groups based on a proportion of GPI(−) HSPCs in the BM assessed by flow cytometry at the time of sampling for scRNA-seq: patients with large PNH cell fractions ( > 50% of GPI(−) HSPCs) and patients with small PNH cell fractions (10–50% of GPI(−) HSPCs). P values were calculated using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test. C Longitudinal changes in the percentage of GPI(−) granulocytes in PB of PNH patients. Large symbols with asterisks indicate the time of sample collection for scRNA-seq. Small symbols indicate the time of sample collection for clinical flow cytometry of GPI(−) granulocytes. Closed and open symbols indicate on- and off-immunosuppressants, respectively. BM bone marrow, CMP common myeloid progenitor, FACS fluorescence-activated cell sorting, GEM Gel Bead-in-Emulsion, GMP granulocyte-monocytic progenitor, GPI glycosylphosphatidylinositol, HSC hematopoietic stem cell and multipotent progenitor, IST immunosuppressive therapy, LymP lymphocyte progenitor, MEP megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitor, MLP multi-lymphoid progenitor, PBMCs peripheral blood mononuclear cells.