Fig. 5: Enhanced cell-cell interactions in PNH patients compared with healthy donors.

A Network representation of ligand-receptor pairs among bone marrow (BM) cell types estimated by CellPhoneDB. Line thickness indicates the total number of ligand-receptor pairs between two cell types. Neutrophils and monocytes are grouped as myeloid cells. Overall, more ligand-receptor interactions were observed among BM cell types in PNH patients (middle and right) than in those of healthy donors (left). B A bar chart showing the number of ligand-receptor pairs between HSPCs and other BM immune cell types. C Heatmaps showing log2FC of cell-cell interaction scores inferred using CellPhoneDB across all BM cell types in patients with small and large PNH cell fractions. D Ligand-receptor pairs that were overrepresented in PNH patients with large PNH cell fractions compared with healthy controls among CD4⁺ T, CD8⁺ T, NK cells (as sender), and HSPCs (as receiver). Significance indicates whether a ligand-receptor pair is over-represented in patient samples compared with healthy donor samples. Myeloid myeloid cell, Plasma plasma cell.