Fig. 4: PhaseStain results for noisy phase input images (ground truth shown in Fig. 2).

a Top row: LΔ~0.373 µm; second row: LΔ~3 µm. b Analysis of the impact of phase noise on the inference quality of PhaseStain (quantified using SSIM), as a function of the Gaussian filter length, L (see Eq. (2))