Fig. 12

Superresolution imaging via superosicllation. a An SEM image of an optical needle super-oscillatory lens (ONSOL) for sub-diffraction imaging and the experimental results of point-source imaging. In the imaging experiments, the point image shifts when the ONSOL moves by 1μm on either side of central position. In (a)–(e), the hotspots measure 0.48λ, which is smaller than the diffraction limit. Reproduced with permission from ref. ¹⁶⁸ Copyright 2014, AIP Publishing. b A schematic diagram of a super-resolution telescope, including a halogenated lamp, a filter, an optical collimator (L1), an entrance pupil, an objective lens (L2) and a 4ƒ system consisting of a field diaphragm, two mirrors (M), two focusing lenses (L3 and L4), a designed phase plate and a CCD camera, and its imaging experimental results: (a)-(c) A microscope image of an “E” target, an experimental diffraction-limited imaging pattern and a super-resolution imaging pattern. Reproduced with permission from ref. ¹⁶⁹ Copyright 2016, NPG, under a Creative Commons license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). c A schematic diagram of the experimental setup for superresolution far-field imaging of complex objects using reduced superoscillating ripples and the superresolution imaging of letters “F” and “N”. Reproduced with permission from ref. ¹⁷¹ Copyright 2017, The Optical Society of America. d Broadband achromatic superoscillation imaging using a superoscillatory pupil filter: a the setup of a 4f system with conventional achromatic lenses AL, AL2, AL3 and Al4 and a superoscillatory pupil filter metasurface; b subdiffraction imaging of two holes; c a complex object “E” and d its superresolution image. Reproduced with permission from ref. ¹⁷² Copyright 2010, John Wiley and Sons