Fig. 5: Electron bunch shapes recorded at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL).
From: Phase Diversity Electro-optic Sampling: A new approach to single-shot terahertz waveform recording
a Picture from inside the 3 km-long accelerator tunnel. Our DEOS setup (see Fig. 6) is placed just upstream of the picture, after the first bunch compressor. b Timing of the electron bunches in the conditions of the experiment. c Electro-optic signals Y1,2 of a single bunch before reconstruction. d Reconstructed electric field. Shaded areas: superposition of single-shot curves, color curves: average over 255 bursts. e Electro-optic signal of two bursts (i.e., 800 electron bunches in total). f Shape of one bunch (with bunch number 200 within the burst) versus burst number. g Arrival time versus bunch number. Shaded areas: RMS arrival time fluctuations, color curve: average over 255 bursts. The EO data are low-pass filtered to 2.5 THz.
