Fig. 3: Illustrations of higher-dimensional structured light multiplexing.

a Multiple wavelengths multiplexing in OAM-based optical communication. b Schematic of the OAM-based six-dimensional encoding and decoding process of nanometric QR codes utilising the combinations of four different OAM states. P polariser, QWP quarter-wave plate, SOP state of polarisation, λ wavelength. c Complex-amplitude OAM-multiplexing metasurface hologram with optically addressable holographic video display at two image planes