Fig. 4: 1.25-Gfps LS-CUP imaging of two-color LII of soot particles and soot temperature dynamics.

a–d Reconstructed spatiotemporal dynamics of two-color LII signals at height h1: a short wavelength channel centered at 460 nm and b long wavelength channel centered at 666 nm. There are totally 200 frames. Spatiotemporal dynamics of soot temperature after laser heating: c 3D representation; d selected snapshots. Scale bar in (d): 2 mm. e Spatially averaged temperature of heated soot particles against time and its exponential fit. f Soot particle size distribution in the x-y plane at height h1. It is calculated using the reconstructed temperature decay of soot particles shown in (c). g Soot particle size distributions along the x direction, at vertical locations y1 to y8, indicated by the short lines in (f), using both one-color LII dynamics (red solid lines) and two-color LII dynamics (black dashed line)