Fig. 3: Synthesis and characterization of the CDGA.

a Schematic illustration of the preparation of the CDGA. b The photograph of the CDGA aqueous solution under sunlight. c The TEM image of the CDGA (inset: the size distribution of the CDGA in DLS). d The time-dependent CL spectra after adding the CDGA into H₂O₂ aqueous solution. e The CL decay curve after adding the CDGA into H₂O₂ aqueous solution. f The CL spectra of the CDGA under different concentrations of H₂O₂. g The integral CL intensity of CDGA vs. the concentrations of H₂O₂. h Determination of the production of ¹O₂ under dark condition in aqueous solutions of the CDGA