Table 1 Main P-RAM performance comparison

From: Electrical programmable multilevel nonvolatile photonic random-access memory

Material

Programming method

to Energy (nJ/dB)

ER (dB/µm)

Unit IL (dB/µm)

Performance (i.e., ER/IL)

Implementation complexity

Writing–Resetting cycles

GST 23

Optical absorption

1.0

0.8

0.02

40

High

5000

GST 33,34

Doped silicon heater

7.6

0.2

0.04

13

Medium

3800

GSSe (This work)

On-chip integrated heater

1.5

0.2

<0.002

70

Low

~500,000

  1. IL insertion loss, ER extinction ratio of signal modulation, FOM figure-of-merit