Fig. 2: Characterization of artificial synaptic properties in LES and its working mechanism.

a The chemical structural formula of MEH-PPV, PEO, LiCF3SO3, and MXene. Schematic diagram of light-emitting artificial synapse. b I–V characteristics of the device measured in the consecutive double-sweep model (0→6→0 V). c Excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and brightness (EPSB) triggered by presynaptic spikes with different voltages (5–8 V). d EPSC and EPSB responses on the stimulation of 10 continuous presynaptic spikes (6 V, 90 ms) with a 60 ms interval. e Current and light intensity PPF index (A2/A1×100%, solid sphere) as a function of the presynaptic spike internal Δt, the continuous line is the result of fitting using a single exponential decay function. f Electrochemical reaction process inside the device during the electric pulse. g Ion diffusion process inside the device after removing the electric pulse. h–j Dynamic p-i-n area diffusion process under continuous electrical pulse stimulation. k–m Optical pictures of the transient brightness enhancement of the device pulse stimulation