Fig. 5

In vivo neural stimulation with optomechanical bio-darts. a Schematic illustration of neuronal stimulation by dart in larval zebrafish. b Microscopic image showing capillary/MMOFP inserting into the head of larval zebrafish. Neural stimulation (c) before and (d) after dart shooting toward brain tectum neurons. Panel I: bright field microscopic image showing capillary/MMOFP inserting; panel II: enlarged view of the target brain tecum, yellow curve indicates the capillary/MMOFP, yellow arrows indicate the Cy5-labeled darts; panel III: Intracellular Ca²⁺ response (green) of the neurons at the target region (white circle indicated) of the brain tectum before and after stimulation with darts. e Normalized fluorescence intensity of intracellular Ca²⁺ signal for neurons at the target region of brain tecum before and after stimulation. Scale bars: 100 µm