Fig. 4

3D motion tracking of the particle attached to the filament stub of a living bacterium. a Schematic view of the sample. A living bacterium was adhered to the 1D PC substrate with a particle (500 nm in diameter) attached to the filament stub that rotated on an approximately circular trajectory. b 3D trajectories of the particle observed by DH-PSF iSCAT microscopy. c, d The projected trajectories on the X-Y and X-Z planes. e Graph of the 3D spatial position (X, Y, Z) of a particle changing over time