Fig. 1: Optimization of vacuum-deposited perovskite films. | Light: Science & Applications

Fig. 1: Optimization of vacuum-deposited perovskite films.

From: Fluorine-modified passivator for efficient vacuum-deposited pure-red perovskite light-emitting diodes

Fig. 1

a Schematic diagram of tri-source vacuum deposition. b The molecular dipole moment of TPPO and 2-F-TPPO. c Schematic of interaction mechanism between perovskite and 2-F-TPPO, 2-F-TPPO serves as a defect passivator and modulates the crystallization process, and 2-F-TPPO incorporated perovskite film exhibits enhanced PL emission and crystallinity. d UV-vis absorption, e PL and f Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectra of films before and after the addition of phosphine oxides

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