Fig. 2: Dissipative Kerr solitons on Z-cut thin-film lithium niobate.

a Simulated (red curve) and measured (blue dots) integrated dispersion of an anomalous dispersion microresonator (top) and the associated single DKS spectrum (bottom), showcasing a prototypical sech² envelope with a spacing between comb lines (\({f}_{{DKS}}\)) of ~504 GHz. The pump frequency is ~194 THz and is removed using a fiber-Bragg-grating notch filter after the chip. The amplified spontaneous emission noise associated with pump amplification is filtered out using a tunable bandpass filter before the chip. b Free-running stability of the single DKS state in a once manually initiated. The DKS comb power remains steady over 12 hours without any active control, and its smooth decrease (over 11% of its maximum) is dominated by the slowly drifting lensed-fiber coupling on and off the chip. The comb power is normalized to the photodetector dynamic range (Supplementary information Fig. 2). c Octave spanning single DKS spectrum covering 131.3–263.2 THz end-to-end with \({f}_{{DKS}} \sim 660\) GHz. Half-frequencies of six atomic transition lines are overlaid (red lines), indicating sufficient spectral coverage over stable atomic transitions for comb stabilization