Fig. 4: Parameter sensitivity analysis.
From: OAM multiplication operator enabled holographic multiplexing
a Structural similarity index (SSIM) degradation under fractional topological charge TC offset. Operator-enabled holography exhibits faster SSIM decline (red curve) compared to conventional OAM holography (black curve) cross all offset ranges. Even minor deviations in the b transformation scaling factor n and c propagation distance d result in dramatic SSIM drops. Narrow bandwidth highlights the stringent requirement for the parameter accuracy
