Table 4 The clinicopathologic features, molecular findings, and treatment/follow-up data for a multi-institutional cohort of 23 RAS-amplified mCRC.

From: KRAS amplification in metastatic colon cancer is associated with a history of inflammatory bowel disease and may confer resistance to anti-EGFR therapy

Case

Age (years)

Sex

History of IBD

Primary colonic origin

Histologic subtype

Histologic grade

RAS gene amplification (CN)a

MMR protein status

Anti-EGFR treatment

Follow-up (months)

1

73

F

No

Cecum

Conventional

Poor

KRAS (14)

Preserved

Yes (panitumumab)b

DOD (12)

2

38

F

Yes (UC)

Sigmoid

Conventional

Poor

KRAS (6)

Preserved

No

AWD (27)

3

34

F

No

Rectum

Conventional

Poor

KRAS (16)

Preserved

Yes (cetuximab)b

AWD (46)

4

33

M

No

Rectum

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

DOD (26)

5

57

M

No

Rectosigmoid

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (7)

Preserved

Yes (cetuximab)b

DOD (3)

6

67

M

No

Splenic flexure

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (42)

Preserved

Yes (cetuximab)b

AWD (52)

7

49

M

No

Rectum

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

AWD (47)

8

38

M

Yes (UC)

Rectum

Mucinous and signet-ring cell

Poor

KRAS (7)

Preserved

Yes (panitumumab)b

DOD (14)

9

55

M

No

Sigmoid

Conventional

Poor

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

DOD (14)

10

63

F

No

Sigmoid

Signet-ring cell

Poor

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

DOD (12)

11

56

M

No

Rectum

Conventional

Poor

KRAS (7)

Preserved

Yes (cetuximab)b

AWD (12)

12

48

F

No

Rectum

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

AWD (21)

13

42

M

Yes (UC)

Hepatic flexure

Mucinous

Moderate

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

NED (16)

14

55

M

No

Rectum

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

AWD (11)

15

48

M

No

Rectum

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

AWD (103)

16

64

F

Yes (UC)

Sigmoid

Signet-ring cell

Poor

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

AWD (11)

17

54

M

No

Sigmoid

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (7)

Preserved

Yes (cetuximab)b

AWD (31)

18

61

F

No

Rectosigmoid

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

AWD (76)

19

46

M

No

Cecum

Conventional

Poor

KRAS (7)

Preserved

No

AWD (6)

20

56

F

No

Sigmoid

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (7); NRAS (7)

Preserved

Yes (cetuximab)b

AWD (6)

21

66

M

No

Sigmoid

Conventional

Moderate

NRAS (7)

Preserved

No

DOD (18)

22

81

M

No

Rectosigmoid

Conventional

Moderate

KRAS (8)

Preserved

No

AWD (8)

23

49

F

Yes (UC)

Rectum

Mucinous

Moderate

KRAS (10)

Preserved

No

DOD (20)

  1. AWD alive with disease, CN copy number, DOD died of disease, F female, IBD inflammatory bowel disease, M male, mCRC metastatic colorectal carcinoma, MMR mismatch repair, N/A not available, NED no evidence of disease, UC ulcerative colitis.
  2. aThe following genes were evaluated for genomic alterations: KRAS, NRAS, HRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA.
  3. bClinical and radiographic disease progression on anti-EGFR therapy.