Fig. 5: Immune landscapes in DLBCL: inflamed phenotype, immune evasion subtype.
Active mechanisms to evade detection by the immune system include upregulation of PD-L1 and CD47 expression, and downregulation of MHC-II expression. EBV infection stimulates PD-L1 upregulation on the surface of lymphoma cells, leading to downregulation of MHC-II expression, and upregulation of CD8 cytotoxic T-cells, both of these mechanisms help neoplastic cells to escape immune cell controls. Upregulation of CD47 expression on the surface of lymphoma cells, help them escape phagocytosis via SIRPĪ±, expressed by macrophages. Macrophages with surface PD-L1 upregulation, help neoplastic cells escape antitumor immunity.
