Fig. 1: Histopathologic findings in vulvovaginal squamous cell carcinomas. | Modern Pathology

Fig. 1: Histopathologic findings in vulvovaginal squamous cell carcinomas.

From: Molecular landscape of vulvovaginal squamous cell carcinoma: new insights into molecular mechanisms of HPV-associated and HPV-independent squamous cell carcinoma

Fig. 1

A HPV-associated vulvovaginal squamous cell carcinomas are often moderately/poorly differentiated and are associated with a usual vulvar/vaginal intraepithelial neoplasm. B HPV-independent vulvovaginal squamous cell carcinomas can be well/moderately/poorly differentiated and are associated with a differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasm. C Frequent tumor budding was seen in vulvovaginal squamous cell carcinomas with NOTCH signaling pathway alterations. D A case of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma is shown, which was positive for HPV infection (tested by high-risk HPV ISH) (E); further investigation showed this sample to harbor TERT and TP53 mutations and presence of a low-risk HPV (HPV 10) infection. The positive ISH result is likely a false-positive finding.

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