Table 2 ICC comparisons between concordant ASD and TD twin pairs

From: Genetic and environmental influences on structural brain measures in twins with autism spectrum disorder

 

ASD

TD

ASD vs. TD

Structure

MZ (n = 30)

p

DZ (n = 30)

p

MZ (n = 40)

p

DZ (n = 28)

p

z (MZ)

p

z (DZ)

p

Total brain volume

0.94 [0.77, 1.11]

<0.001✝

0.27 [−0.23, 0.77]

0.29

0.93 [0.83, 1.03]

<0.001✝

0.09 [−0.46, 0.64]

0.74

0.38

0.70

0.67

0.50

Cortical GM

0.92 [0.75, 1.09]

<0.001✝

0.60 [0.30, 0.90]

<0.001✝

0.84 [0.61, 1.06]

<0.001✝

−0.05 [−0.56, 0.46]

0.86

1.44

0.15

2.65

0.008✝

Cortical WM

0.97 [0.93, 1.01]

<0.001✝

0.03 [−0.63, 0.69]

0.93

0.97 [0.93, 1.02]

<0.001✝

0.37 [−0.15, 0.75]

0.06

−0.28

0.78

−1.28

0.20

Subcortical GM

0.96 [0.92, 1.01]

<0.001✝

−0.04 [−0.49, 0.42]

0.87

0.89 [0.74, 1.05]

<0.001✝

0.61 [0.28, 0.95]

<0.001✝

2.19

0.029*

−2.71

0.007✝

Cerebellum GM

0.89 [0.69, 1.10]

<0.001✝

−0.07 [−0.51, 0.37]

0.76

0.93 [0.87, 1.00]

<0.001✝

0.44 [0.02, 0.86]

0.039*

−0.99

0.32

−1.96

0.05

Cerebellum WM

0.39 [−0.23, 1.01]

0.22

0.53 [0.06, 1.01]

0.029*

0.93 [0.82, 1.05]

<0.001✝

0.44 [−0.11, 0.89]

0.06

−4.96

<0.001✝

0.45

0.65

Brainstem

0.96 [0.93, 0.99]

<0.001✝

−0.26 [−0.66, 0.14]

0.20

0.97 [0.95, 0.99]

<0.001✝

0.67 [0.28, 1.06]

0.001✝

−0.41

0.68

−3.85

<0.001✝

Ventricles

0.64 [0.45, 0.83]

<0.001✝

0.66 [0.26, 1.06]

0.001✝

0.43 [0.06, 0.80]

0.024✝

−0.12 [−0.50, 0.27]

0.55

1.19

0.23

3.26

0.001✝

Total surface area

0.95 [0.85, 1.04]

<0.001✝

0.43 [−0.04, 0.90]

0.07

0.92 [0.84, 0.99]

<0.001✝

−0.07 [−0.54, 0.40]

0.77

0.97

0.33

1.92

0.06

Mean thickness

0.87 [0.72, 1.02]

<0.001✝

0.89 [0.77, 1.00]

<0.001✝

0.68 [0.53, 0.84]

<0.001✝

0.11 [−0.24, 0.45]

0.54

2.02

0.043*

4.66

<0.001✝

Mean curvature

0.58 [0.34, 0.82]

<0.001✝

−0.10 [−0.57, 0.37]

0.69

0.70 [0.45, 0.94]

<0.001✝

0.63 [−0.10, 1.36]

0.09

−0.81

0.42

−3.02

0.003✝

  1. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), adjusted for gender, are compared with Fisher's z transformation between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs in which both twins were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or were typically-developing (TD) controls. Twin pairs discordant for ASD were excluded. Total Brain Volume = all cortex (cortical gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) + cerebellar GM/WM + brainstem + ventricles) and Ventricles = lateral + inferior lateral + 3rd + 4th. Significant correlation or group comparison at *p < 0.05 or ✝False Discovery Rate [73] corrected across the tests within each column are indicated
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