Fig. 4

Voltage-induced L-type calcium influx is reduced in glutamatergic neurons and parvalbumin (PV)-positive GABAergic neurons in Ahnak KO mice. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ current in pyramidal neurons in layer 2/3 of PFC (a–c) or PV-positive GABAergic interneurons in the DG (d–f) from WT and Ahnak KO mice. Representative immunostaining images of Ahnak (a) or Ahnak and PV (d) in WT and Ahnak KO neurons. Scale bars, 25 µm. Voltage-gated somatic Ca²⁺ currents before and after the bath application of an L-type calcium current blocker (nimodipine or nifedipine, 10 μM) (b, c, e, and f). Representative traces (b, e). Histograms showing the density of total, L-type and non-L-type voltage-gated Ca²⁺ current in neurons from WT and Ahnak KO mice (c, f). Bar graphs are means ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, student’s t test. The numbers of neurons used for recording are indicated in each bar. 3–5 mice per group