Fig. 3: Cul3+/− mice display hyperactivity, cognitive, and social impairments. | Molecular Psychiatry

Fig. 3: Cul3+/− mice display hyperactivity, cognitive, and social impairments.

From: Autism-linked Cullin3 germline haploinsufficiency impacts cytoskeletal dynamics and cortical neurogenesis through RhoA signaling

Fig. 3

a Cul3+/− mice travel longer distances in open field (n = 27 WT; n = 29 Cul3+/− (*p < 0.05)) compared with WT mice. b The traveling speed (cm/s) is significantly increased in Cul3+/− mice (*p < 0.05); representative traces of 30 min in open field show Cul3+/− mice traveling longer distances compared to WT mice. c Time bins showing that Cul3+/− mice travel significantly longer distance in the last 20 min of the test (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01). d No difference in time spent self-grooming between WT and Cul3+/− mice (WT n = 15; Cul3+/− n = 19). e Cul3+/− mice demonstrate significantly reduced preference for novel object in novel object recognition test (*p < 0.05; two-tailed t-test, WT n = 18; Cul3+/− n = 20). f (Upper panel) Schematic diagram of three-chamber social interaction test; reduced sniffing time is observed for Cul3+/− mice while interacting with a novel mouse (vs novel object) as compared to WT mice (WT n = 17; Cul3+/− n = 19; *p < 0.05, One-way ANOVA). g Reduced sniffing time is observed for Cul3+/− mice while interacting with a novel mouse (vs familiar mouse) as compared to WT mice (WT n = 17; Cul3+/− n = 19); ***p < 0.01; One-way ANOVA. Dots represent individual animals; ○-female and ∆-male; error bars represent mean ± SD.

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