Fig. 5: Haloperidol effects on the structure and D1R expression of MDNCs.

A Bar graphs contrasting the differentiation percentage between cells treated with haloperidol (HAL), vehicle (VEH) or under control conditions (CTL). For CTL, 6.2 ± 0.58%; VEH, 7.5 ± 0.93%; HAL, 6.8 ± 0.65%; P = 0.69. The Kruskal–Wallis Test was used to make comparisons between groups. Data are given as mean ± SEM. Cells from 5 healthy subjects were included in the analysis. Cells characterized for CTL, n = 8048; VEH, n = 7152; HAL, n = 9300. B Bar graphs contrasting the structure of MDNCs at baseline after treatment from day 4 to 7 of the transdifferentiation process with haloperidol, vehicle or cells under control conditions. Structural parameters studied were: longest primary neurite (LPN), longest secondary neurite (LSN), number of primary neurites, number of secondary neurites and total number of neurites. The Kruskal–Wallis Test was used to make comparisons between groups. Data are given as mean ± SEM. Cells from 4 healthy subjects were included in the analysis. MDNCs traced for LSN for CTL, n = 247; VEH, n = 278; HAL, n = 305; for all other structural parameters; CTL, n = 339; VEH, n = 382; HAL, n = 431. C Bar graphs contrasting the amount of pruning evidenced in MDNCs after an hour of incubation on cells treated from day 4 to 7 of the transdifferentiation process with haloperidol, vehicle or cells under control conditions. The same structural parameter as in (B) were assessed. The Kruskal-Wallis Test was used to make comparisons between groups. Data are given as mean ± SEM. Cells from 3 healthy subjects were included in the analysis. MDNCs traced for LSN for CTL, n = 64; VEH, n = 85; HAL, n = 124; for all other structural parameters; CTL, n = 98; VEH, n = 113; HAL, n = 189. D Bar graphs contrasting the amount of pruning evidenced in MDNCs after an hour of incubation with dopamine 5 mM in cells treated from day 4 to 7 of the transdifferentiation process with haloperidol, vehicle or cells under control conditions. The same structural parameter as in (B) were assessed. The Kruskal–Wallis Test was used to make comparisons between groups. Data are given as mean ± SEM. Cells from 2 healthy subjects were included in the analysis. MDNCs traced for LSN for CTL, n = 28; VEH, n = 23; HAL, n = 37; for all other structural parameters; CTL, n = 57; VEH, n = 68; HAL, n = 81. E Dot plots contrasting expression of D1R in MDNCs after treatment from day 4 to 7 of the transdifferentiation process with HAL, VEH or cells under CTL conditions. For CTL, 25 ± 10.3%; VEH, 27.2 ± 9.8%; HAL, 27.9 ± 8.8%; P = 0.87. D1R expression was measured via flow cytometry. The Kruskal–Wallis Test was used to make comparisons between groups. Data are given as mean ± SEM. Cells from 5 healthy subjects were included in the analysis.