Table 3 Descriptive characteristics of ASD phenotypic subgroups.

From: Maternal autoantibody profiles as biomarkers for ASD and ASD with co-occurring intellectual disability

 

ASD + ID

ASD no-ID

ASD-ID vs ASD no-ID

N = 285

N = 219

 

N (%)

N (%)

χ2 p value

Maternal age

  

0.18

  <20

12 (4.21%)

5 (2.28%)

 

  20–24

50 (17.54%)

25 (11.42%)

 

  25–29

71 (24.91%)

67 (30.59%)

 

  30–34

98 (34.39%)

81 (36.99%)

 

  >=35

54 (18.95%)

41 (18.72%)

 

Maternal race

  

0.34

  White

203 (71.23%)

170 (77.63%)

 

  Asian

62 (21.75%)

37 (16.89%)

 

  Other

16 (5.61%)

11 (5.02%)

 

  Missing

4 (1.4%)

1 (0.46%)

 

Maternal ethnicity

  

0.03

  Hispanic

129 (45.26%)

77 (35.16%)

 

  Not Hispanic

152 (53.33%)

141 (64.38%)

 

  Missing

4 (1.4%)

1 (0.46%)

 

 Parity

  

0.01

  Multiparous

167 (58.6%)

102 (46.58%)

 

  Primiparious

118 (41.4%)

117 (53.42%)

 

Maternal birth country

  

0.03

  US

126 (44.21%)

123 (56.16%)

 

  Mexico

77 (27.02%)

45 (20.55%)

 

  Other

82 (28.77%)

51 (23.29%)

 

Maternal education

  

0.00

  <High School

61 (21.4%)

26 (11.87%)

 

  High School Grad

69 (24.21%)

42 (19.18%)

 

  Undergrad College

105 (36.84%)

101 (46.12%)

 

  Post-Grad College

44 (15.44%)

49 (22.37%)

 

  Unknown

6 (2.11%)

1 (0.46%)

 

Child characteristics

 Child sex

  

0.74

   Male

231 (81.05%)

180 (82.19%)

 

   Female

54 (18.95%)

39 (17.81%)

 

Birth type

  

0.64

  Singleton

279 (97.89%)

213 (97.26%)

 

  Multiple

6 (2.11%)

6 (2.74%)

 

Birth weight

  

0.19

  <1500 g

5 (1.75%)

0 (0%)

 

  1500–2499 g

22 (7.72%)

14 (6.39%)

 

  >=2500 g

258 (90.53%)

205 (93.61%)

 

Gestational age

  

0.23

  <32 weeks

8 (2.81%)

3 (1.37%)

 

  33–36 weeks

24 (8.42%)

12 (5.48%)

 

  >=37 weeks

253 (88.77%)

204 (93.15%)

 
  1. Demographic differences between groups was calculated by χ2 test and p values > 0.05 were bolded and considered significant.
  2. ASD+ID Autism spectrum disorder with co-occurring intellectual disability, ASD no-ID autism spectrum disorder without co-occurring intellectual disability.