Fig. 1: Genome-wide transcriptome changes by fluoxetine.

a Schematic overview of data generation and workflow. b Forced swim test following chronic fluoxetine treatment in adult rats. Time spent swimming, being immobile are shown for sham and fluoxetine treated groups. * indicates P-val < 0.05. c RNA-seq dataset QC: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) visualisation of eight samples of the raphe region. Sham replicates are coloured in blue and FT coloured in red. d Statistics of RNA-seq dataset: Number of upregulated and downregulated DEGs across 27 brain regions (and number in each category shared between regions). See Supplementary Tables TS1a for brain region names. e Top: table showing DEGs shared in ≥15 regions, along with the maximum log₂FC and its corresponding FDR. Bottom: table showing strongest upregulated and downregulated region-specific DEGs. f Regional variation in fluoxetine DEGs as measured by RNAscope. For each gene, arrows denote regions with significant differential expression between FT and Sham that are consistent with bulk RNA-seq results. g Circular heat map showing the fold-enrichment of identified region-wise DEGs in GWAS loci for five phenotypes. * indicates FDR Q-val ≤ 0.05; ** FDR Q-val ≤ 0.01. h Differential expression status of key neurotransmission genes identified. Grey boxes denote previous findings reported in the literature (see Supplementary Tables TS6).